KINDERGARTNERSPhysical Milestones Kids tend to be active at this age and can run, hop, skip and jump without tripping over their own feet. Most 5-year-olds learn to do these things: Gross Motor Skills
Fine Motor Skills
Cognitive Milestones Kindergartners learn facts and begin to grasp some basic concepts. By the end of kindergarten, many children can do things like these:
Social and Emotional Milestones During the kindergarten school year, children’s social and emotional development tends to go beyond making friends and expressing feelings. They start understanding more complicated things like right and wrong. Many 5-year-olds are also likely to do these things:
FIRST GRADERSPhysical Milestones Most children gain stamina and coordination during first grade. They typically start the year uncoordinated and clumsy, because the big muscles in arms and legs are better developed than the small muscles used for smaller movements. What they can do physically doesn’t change as much as how well they’re able to do it. Most children reach these milestones in first grade:
Cognitive Milestones Your child’s thinking skills in first grade allow him to start exploring the world to find answers to his own questions. During first grade, most children:
Social and Emotional Milestones First-grade social and emotional skills are an interesting mix of independence and an increased need for your attention and approval. By age 7, kids typically start to understand that friendships aren’t something they can control by themselves. That may make them a little anxious. Many children also:
SECOND AND THIRD GRADERSPhysical Milestones
At ages 7 and 8, your child may be working on refining her physical skills. Her fine motor control and stamina may improve. Most second and third graders:
Cognitive Milestones At this age, thinking and problem-solving skills are taking off. Children tend to talk at a more adult level and start to show an interest in specific activities that interest them. Cognitively, most children at this age:
Social and Emotional Milestones Second and third grade can be a little rough socially and emotionally. Kids start narrowing down to a few good friends, but those friendships can change quickly. Most kids are eager to fit in and try out new personalities to see where they fit. By the end of third grade, most children will:
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FOR BASIC GROSS-MOTOR SKILLS, THE GENERAL WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY APPEARS TO BE OPEN FROM THE PRENATAL PERIOD TO AROUND AGE FIVE. ONCE AGAIN, THIS IS A PERIOD IN WHICH EXPERIENCE IS VITAL TO LAYING THE “FOUNDATION” OF BRAIN CIRCUITS DEDICATED TO MOTOR CONTROL. THE PRIMARY MOTOR CIRCUITS THAT CONNECT TO THE CEREBELLUM, WHICH CONTROLS POSTURE AND COORDINATION, FORGE DURING THE FIRST TWO YEARS. IT IS DURING THIS PERIOD THAT THE CHILD BEGINS TO GAIN CONSIDERABLE EXPERIENCE IN THE WORLD AS HE OR SHE “MOVES” ABOUT IN THE ENVIRONMENT. ONCE AGAIN IT IS SUGGESTED THAT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IS A STRONG DETERMINANT IN THE EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN, NOT JUST MOTOR CONTROL. IT SEEMS REASONABLE THAT THE CRITICAL PERIOD FOR FINER MUSCLE CONTROL AND TIMING, WHICH TYPICALLY FOLLOW GROSS-MOTOR DEVELOPMENT, WOULD BE OPEN FROM SHORTLY AFTER BIRTH TO ABOUT AGE NINE. THIS INFORMATION HAS STRONG IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPING THE PRIMARY CIRCUITS NEEDED FOR LEARNING SKILLS THAT REQUIRE A HIGH DEGREE OF MANUAL DEXTERITY, SUCH AS PLAYING A MUSICAL INSTRUMENT OR PERFORMING PRECISE MANUAL OPERATIONS. THERE IS ALSO SPECULATION THAT THE GENERAL WINDOW OF OPPORTUNITY FOR MOST BEHAVIORAL FUNCTIONS NARROWS CONSIDERABLY AROUND AGE 10 (CHUGANI, 1998). WHAT CAN YOU DO..
FIRST OF ALL KNOW THAT MOTOR SKILLS ENHANCE OUR LIVES AT ALL AGES AND A POSITIVE ATTITUDE ABOUT REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY SETS THE FOUNDATION FOR A LIFETIME OF GOOD HEALTH!
BY DEVELOPING MOTOR SKILLS AND LAYING THE FOUNDATION FOR A POSITIVE ATTITUDE ABOUT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, EARLY CHILDHOOD PROGRAMS ARE FINDING THAT MOVEMENT IS A VERY EFFECTIVE AND BENEFITS YOUNG CHILDREN. THROUGH THE USE OF MOVEMENT EXPERIENCES, EDUCATORS CAN STIMULATE PROBLEM-SOLVING ABILITIES, CRITICAL THINKING, AND REINFORCE A VARIETY OF ACADEMIC CONCEPTS. Promoting Physical Activity as a Way of Life
https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/gradeschool/fitness/Pages/Promoting-Physical-Activity-as-a-Way-of-Life.aspx#.W5HUuZhAmLU.google_plusone_share
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Mr. FrisbiePhysical Education Teacher Archives
April 2019
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